Boxplot showing difference in the cusplet pairs of sexes and ontogenetic stages between Etmopterus spp. A Etmopterus abernethyi B E. lucifer C E. molleri D E. schmidti. The ontogenetic stages of female are not shown as they were not determined in most cases.

 
 
  Part of: Ng S-L, Straube N, Liu K-M, Joung S-J (2025) Confusions across the hemispheres: Taxonomic re-evaluation of two lanternshark species, Etmopterus lucifer and E. molleri (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 59-86. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.75.e126067