Haplotype networks for outlier SNPs on Z-chromosome (SNP positions are shown above each network, Z-loci names and SNP variants below each network) of Eurasian wigeon (dark fill), American wigeon (light fill), and American x Eurasian wigeon hybrid (white fill). Each haplotype network includes one (females) or two (males) alleles per individual.

 
 
  Part of: Kulikova IV, Lavretsky P, McCracken KG, Zhuravlev YN, Miroshnichenko IL, Correll AB, Peters JL (2025) Genetic differentiation and population structure of “northern” wigeons (Anseriformes: Anatidae: Mareca americana, M. penelope). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 1-1. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.75.e167908