The dermatocranial elements and stapes of Gegeneophis carnosus (RAM 0020). A posterior view of the nasopremaxillae; B dorsal view of the frontals (arrowheads indicate foramina for branchlets of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve): C ventral view of the left frontal (black arrowheads indicate foramina for branchlets of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve; white arrowheads indicate the channel for a branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve); D dorsal view of the parietals; E lateral view of the left parietal; F medial view of the right squamosal; G–I left pterygoquadrate in G lateral view; H medial view; I ventral view; J–M the right maxillopalatine in J dorsal view (arrowhead indicates the internal apical foramen on the maxillopalatine posterior to the choana); K ventral view (arrowhead indicates the internal apical foramen on the maxillopalatine posterior to the choana); L posterior view (arrowhead indicates the internal apical foramen on the maxillopalatine posterior to the choana); M anterior view; N–P the right vomer in N dorsal view; O ventral view; P anterior view (arrowhead indicates the foramen serving as an anterolateral opening of the sulcus on vomer); Q–R the left stapes in Q dorsal view; R internal view showing the footplate. Scale bars: 1 mm.

 
 
  Part of: Palakkool SR, Gower DJ, Kotharambath R (2022) Osteology of the caecilian Gegeneophis carnosus (Beddome, 1870) (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Grandisoniidae) from the Western Ghats of peninsular India. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 561-576. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e79911