A Accipiter atricapillus apache Arizona, USA, James Wittke/iNaturalist. Note the indistinctly barred underparts, the black crown and ear-coverts which are much darker than the pure grey wings, and the deep orange eye. B Accipiter gentilis gentilis Flatanger, Norway, Markus Varesvuo/Agami. Note the distinctly barred underparts, dark grey crown and ear-coverts which are barely darker than the brownish-grey upperparts and wings, and the orange-yellow eye.

 
 
  Part of: Sangster G (2022) The taxonomic status of Palearctic and Nearctic populations of northern goshawk Accipiter gentilis (Aves, Accipitridae): New evidence from vocalisations. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 445-456. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e85419