Living specimens of Oligodon macrurus sensu stricto from various locations in southern Vietnam. A adult male ZMMU Re-16807 from Mui Ne, Binh Thuan Province, representing the ‘middle’ color phase; B adult female VNMN 04724 (formerly ZMMU NAP-03884) from Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve; C and D two adult males ZMMU Re-16804 and ZMMU Re-16805 from Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province, B–D formerly identified as Oligodon arenarius. Photographs taken by Hieu Minh Pham A and Nikolay A. Poyarkov Jr. B–D.