Larval skeleton of three Kalophrynus species, stages 37–38: K. interlineatus, A chondrocranium, B mandible, C hyobranchium; K. honbaensis, D chondrocranium, E mandible, F hyobranchium; K. cryptophonus, G chondrocranium, H mandible, I hyobranchium. Scale bar: 1 mm. Abbreviations: alp – anterolateral process, ap – anterior process, appq – articular process of the palatoquadrate, asp – ascending process, bb – basibranchial, bh – basihyal, cbr – ceratobranchials, chy – ceratohyal, cp – crista parotica, hbp – hypobranchial plate, irc – infrarostral cartilage, lop – larval otic process, lp – lateral process, lpp – lateral posterior process of the palatoquadrate, Mc – Meckel’s cartilage, oc – otic capsule, pq – palatoquadrate, qcc – quadratocranial commissure, sb – subocular bar, sf – subocular fenestra, src – suprarostral cartilage, th – trabecular horns, ts – tectum synoticum.

 
 
  Part of: Vassilieva AB, Nguyen TV (2023) Restricting living space: Development and larval morphology in sticky frogs (Microhylidae: Kalophrynus) with different reproductive modes. Vertebrate Zoology 73: 367-382. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e98618