DOI: 10.3897/vz.76.e171834

Authors: Vagner Cavarzere, Enrico L. Breviglieri, Luís F. Silveira

Abstract: The genus Cercomacra includes six species, among them C. cinerascens, which is widespread throughout the Amazon Basin. Historically, six names have been proposed for this species complex, but only four are currently recognized. Past studies have explored relationships among Cercomacra species using either morphological or molecular data, with taxonomic assessments mainly conducted in the early 20th century. To reevaluate the validity of the currently accepted C. cinerascens taxa, we performed a comprehensive taxonomic revision that combined traditional morphological and vocal analyses. Additionally, we used BirdNET, a pre-trained deep learning algorithm developed for bird sound classification. We examined 682 specimens and 347 recordings and identified two distinct morphotypes distributed north and south of the Amazon Basin, along with four recognizable loudsong types. Using both morphological and vocal features, we identified five distinct lineages, two of which are newly described and named. Cercomacra cinerascens occurs north of the Pastaza and Amazon Rivers in northern Amazonia; C. sclateri is found in eastern Ecuador and Peru, south of the Pastaza River and east of the Andes, east to the Ucayali River; and C. iterata stat. nov. is located east of the Tapajos River. The two newly described species are found south of the Amazon and Marañon Rivers. Cercomacra mura sp. nov. occupies the Ucayali-Madeira interfluve, and Cercomacra raucisona sp. nov. inhabits the Madeira-Tapajos interfluve.

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DOI: 10.3897/vz.74.e112446

Authors: Vagner Cavarzere, Luís F. Silveira

Abstract: Abstract Cercomacroides serva is widely distributed in northern South America. However, this species has never been thoroughly evaluated taxonomically. We conducted a taxonomic study of three taxa currently classified under Cercomacroides serva, based on a study of 307 skins and 145 recordings of male loudsongs. Females from the northwest Amazonian population differ qualitatively from populations from the southwest Amazon in the coloration of the upperparts, primary, and tail. Male loudsongs are superficially similar between these two populations, but the shape of the notes differs significantly. There is no evidence of intergradation or clinal variation in female plumage or male loudsongs. Based on differences in plumage coloration, loudsongs, and lack of evidence of intergradation, we suggest that two species are best recognized. The name Cercomacroides serva is here restricted to populations north of the Marañon River in Peru, to the north in Ecuador, and in southwestern Colombia. The name Cercomacroides hypomelaena comb. nov. is revived. This species is found south of the Marañon River, and on both banks of the Ucayali River in Peru, to the eastern left bank of the Madeira River in Brazil, and in northern Bolivia.

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